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On June 29, 1972, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in a five-to-four decision that the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment, which violated the Eighth Amendment. At the time of the ruling, Blacks and members of other minority groups constituted 483 of the 60 persons awaiting execution.
On July 4, 1991, the National Civil Rights Museum officially opened at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tenn., the site of the assassination of...
On July 3, 1962 The first Black baseball player in the major leagues was Jackie Robinson. Named to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
On July 2, 2001 Robert Tools became the first recipient in the world of the Abiocor, a self-contained artificial heart, at Jewish Hospital in...
On July 1, 1976, Kenneth Gibson, mayor of Newark, became the first Black president of the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
